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"Black carbon is essentially soot," Power says. Power and her colleagues studied the link between black carbon - a type of particulate matter associated with diesel exhaust, a source of fine particles - and cognition in 680 older men in Boston ( Environmental Health Perspectives, 2011). Weuve's results square with those of a similar study by Melinda Power, a doctoral candidate in epidemiology and environmental health at the Harvard School of Public Health. She found that exposure to both fine and coarse particulate was associated with cognitive decline. "They can cross from the lung to the blood and, in some cases, travel up the axon of the olfactory nerve into the brain," she says. Previous studies in animals and human cadavers had shown that the smaller particles can more easily penetrate the body's defenses. "The conventional wisdom is that coarse particles aren't as important as fine particles" when it comes to human health, Weuve says. Weuve and her colleagues investigated exposure to both fine particulate matter (the smallest particles, less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter) and coarse particulate matter (larger particles ranging from 2.5 to 10 micrometers in size).
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The researchers found that long-term exposure to high levels of the pollution significantly worsened the women's cognitive decline, as measured by tests of cognitive skill.
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Using the women's address history, Weuve and her colleagues estimated their exposure to particulate matter over the previous seven to 14 years. Weuve's team gathered data from the Nurses' Health Study Cognitive Cohort, a population that included more than 19,000 women across the United States, age 70 to 81. Jennifer Weuve, MPH, ScD, an assistant professor of internal medicine at Rush Medical College, found that older women who had been exposed to high levels of the pollutant experienced greater cognitive decline compared with other women their age ( Archives of Internal Medicine, 2012). It now seems likely that the harmful effects of particulate matter go beyond vascular damage. Due to its known cardiovascular effects, particulate matter is one of six principal pollutants for which the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established air quality standards. These tiny particles - 1/30th the width of a human hair - are spewed by power plants, factories, cars and trucks. Most research on air pollution has focused on a type of pollutant known as fine particulate matter. "I don't think the issue has gotten the visibility it deserves." Cognitive connections "This should be taken seriously," says Paul Mohai, PhD, a professor in the University of Michigan's School of Natural Resources and the Environment who has studied the link between air pollution and academic performance in children. Over the past decade, researchers have found that high levels of air pollution may damage children's cognitive abilities, increase adults' risk of cognitive decline and possibly even contribute to depression. Now, evidence is mounting that dirty air is bad for your brain as well. The effect of air pollution on cognition and mental well-being, however, has been less well understood. Researchers have known since the 1970s that high levels of air pollution can harm both cardiovascular and respiratory health, increasing the risk of early death from heart and lung diseases.
#Something in the air 2012 movie#
Movie of the Week: G… on The Adjustment Bureau (20… Movie of the Week: G… on To The Wonder (2012) Movie Of the Week: N… on Movie of the Week: Signs … We also do a podcast together called The Worst Movies We Own. Best to let the handsome imagery of sun dappled bodies, relaxed hedonism and folk prog vibes wash over you rather than care too much about the contradictions of posho brats smashing a system that they continue to benefit from.Ĭheck out my wife Natalie’s Point Horror blog Assayas seems fully aware of this and frames everything with a cynical self-aware detachment. It does jar watching the rich kids with no financial limitations and nepotism to fall back on make bad life choices over politics they will soon abandon. Olivier Assayas directs Clément Métayer, Lola Créton and Félix Armand in this semi-autobiographical coming-of-age drama following three radical kids who leave their suburban high school bubble after the May ‘68 riots to travel the world, start work, fall in and out of love.Ī very handsome movie with a couple of truly cinematic sequences that thoroughly impress.